Boost Your Score Today: Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET

Understanding genetics is fundamental for aspirants preparing for competitive exams, and Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET play a crucial role in mastering this topic. Genetics forms the backbone of modern biology, and a strong grip on concepts ensures better performance in exams.

The study of inheritance began with Gregor Mendel, whose experiments on pea plants laid the foundation for genetic principles. Through Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET, aspirants can deeply understand Mendel’s laws and their applications.

One of the key aspects of Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET is the Law of Segregation. This law states that allele pairs separate during gamete formation, ensuring that each gamete carries only one allele. Practicing Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET helps aspirants internalize this concept.

Another important principle covered in Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET is the Law of Independent Assortment. It explains how genes located on different chromosomes assort independently. This concept is frequently tested, making Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET highly valuable.

Aspirants often encounter questions related to genotype and phenotype while solving Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET. Genotype refers to the genetic makeup, while phenotype refers to observable characteristics. Understanding this difference is essential for solving genetic problems.

The role of dominant and recessive alleles is another critical concept explained through Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET. Dominant alleles mask the expression of recessive alleles in heterozygous conditions, a principle that appears frequently in exam questions.

Monohybrid and dihybrid crosses are central to Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET. These crosses help aspirants understand inheritance patterns and predict offspring ratios. Regular practice of Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET improves accuracy in solving such problems.

Another benefit of Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET is that they strengthen problem-solving skills. Many questions require logical reasoning rather than simple memorization, making practice essential.

Aspirants preparing for exams like NEET and CUET must focus on Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET as these exams frequently include genetics-based questions.

Time management is another advantage of practicing Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET. Familiarity with question patterns allows aspirants to solve problems quickly during exams.

Additionally, Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET help identify common mistakes. Errors such as confusing genotype ratios with phenotype ratios can be corrected through consistent practice.

Repeated exposure to these mcqs improves retention. Aspirants become more confident and can recall concepts easily during exams.

Consistency is key when working with Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET. Instead of rote learning, aspirants should focus on understanding each concept thoroughly.

Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET:

1. A common test to find the genotype of a hybrid is

A. Crossing of one F2 progeny with male parent
B. Crossing of one F2 progeny with female parent
C. Studying the sexual behaviour of F1 progenies
D. Crossing of one F1 progeny with recessive parent

Answer: D
Explanation: A test cross (crossing with recessive parent) helps determine genotype.

2. A gamete normally contains:

A. Many alleles of a gene
B. All alleles of a gene
C. Two alleles of a gene
D. One allele of a gene

Answer: D
Explanation: Gametes carry only one allele due to segregation.

3. Which does not cause variation?

A. Meiosis
B. Cloning
C. Recombination
D. Mutation

Answer: B
Explanation: Cloning produces genetically identical individuals.

4. RRTt × rrtt → % tall red plants?

A. 100%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 75%

Answer: C
Explanation: Half offspring are tall (Tt) and all are red (Rr) → 50%.

5. Recessive character in Mendel’s study:

A. Round seed
B. Wrinkled seed
C. Axial flower
D. Green pod

Answer: B
Explanation: Wrinkled seed is recessive.

6. Mendel conducted hybridisation experiments on garden peas for

A. 7 years
B. 6 years
C. 5 years
D. 4 years

Answer: A
Explanation: Mendel conducted experiments from 1856 to 1863 (7 years).

7. Who coined the term ‘gene’?

A. Johansen
B. Watson
C. Morgan
D. Williamson

Answer: A
Explanation: W. Johannsen coined the term “gene” in 1909.

8. 1 : 2 : 1 phenotypic and genotypic ratio is found in

A. Complementary genes
B. Blending inheritance
C. Multiple alleles
D. Pseudoalleles

Answer: B
Explanation: In incomplete/blending inheritance, both genotype and phenotype show 1:2:1 ratio.

9. Genes exhibiting multiple effects are known as

A. Complementary genes
B. Pleiotropic genes
C. Cistrons
D. Pseudogenes

Answer: B
Explanation: A pleiotropic gene affects multiple traits.

10. Phenotypic variation restricted to clear-cut traits is called

A. Qualitative inheritance
B. Quantitative inheritance
C. Polygenic inheritance
D. Complex inheritance

Answer: A
Explanation: Qualitative traits show discrete variation.

11. Genes are made up of

A. Histones
B. Hydrocarbons
C. Polynucleotides
D. Lipoproteins

Answer: C
Explanation: Genes consist of DNA made of polynucleotides.

12. ‘Allelomorphic’ implies

A. Any two characters
B. Pair of contrasting characters
C. Sex-linked characters
D. Non-contrasting characters

Answer: B
Explanation: Allelomorphs are alternative forms of a gene.

13. Recessive trait in pea plant

A. Round seed
B. Axial flower
C. Green seed colour
D. Green pod colour

Answer: C
Explanation: Green seed colour is recessive.

14. Mendel’s theory rediscovered by

A. T.H. Morgan
B. Bateson
C. Strasburger
D. Von Tschermak

Answer: D
Explanation: Mendel’s work was rediscovered by Correns, de Vries, and Tschermak.

15. Study of heredity and variation is called

A. Heredity
B. Mutation
C. Variation
D. Both (a) and (c)

Answer: D
Explanation: Genetics studies both heredity and variation.

16. Chromosomal combinations in Pisum sativum (2n = 14)

A. 14
B. 2¹⁴
C. 7
D. 2⁷

Answer: D
Explanation: n = 7 → combinations = 2⁷ = 128.

17. Incorrect about polygenic characters

A. Controlled by multiple alleles
B. Many intermediate phenotypes
C. Height and skin colour are examples
D. Controlled by multiple genes

Answer: A
Explanation: Polygenic traits are controlled by multiple genes, not alleles.

18. 15:1 ratio indicates

A. Supplementary genes
B. Complementary genes
C. Lethal genes
D. Duplicate genes

Answer: D
Explanation: Duplicate genes produce 15:1 ratio.

19. Who introduced ‘Heterosis’?

A. Koelreuter
B. Shull
C. Johannsen
D. Borlaug

Answer: B
Explanation: Shull introduced heterosis.

20. Colour-based traits studied by Mendel

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Answer: C
Explanation: Seed colour, pod colour, flower colour = 3.

21. Dominant traits studied by Mendel

A. Round, constricted, axial
B. Green pod, inflated pod, axial
C. Yellow seed, violet flower, yellow pod
D. Axial, green pod, green seed

Answer: B
Explanation: These are dominant traits.

22. Flower, pod, seed traits count

A. 2,2,2
B. 2,2,1
C. 1,2,2
D. 1,1,2

Answer: A
Explanation: Mendel studied 2 traits each.

23. Characters not assorting independently due to

A. Amitosis
B. Linkage
C. Dominance
D. Crossing over

Answer: B
Explanation: Linked genes are inherited together.

24. 787 tall : 277 dwarf represents

A. Dihybrid
B. Trihybrid
C. Test cross
D. Monohybrid

Answer: D
Explanation: Ratio ≈ 3:1 → monohybrid.

25. Pure line breed refers to

A. Homozygosity
B. Heterozygosity
C. Dominant genes
D. Linkage

Answer: A
Explanation: Pure lines are homozygous.

26. Genes regulate growth via

A. Translocation
B. Transformation
C. Transduction
D. Transcription and translation

Answer: D
Explanation: Genes control protein synthesis.

27. Observable characters of an individual are called:

A. Phenotype
B. Genotype
C. Homozygous
D. Heterozygous

Answer: A

Explanation:
Phenotype refers to the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, such as height, colour, or shape. These traits result from the interaction of the organism’s genetic makeup (genotype) and environmental factors. In contrast, genotype refers to the genetic constitution, while homozygous and heterozygous describe allele combinations.

28. Gametes from 3 heterozygous loci

A. 2
B. 3
C. 6
D. 8

Answer: D
Explanation: 2³ = 8 gametes.

29. Assertion-Reason (Cyclomorphosis)

A. Both true, correct explanation
B. Both true, not explanation
C. A true, R false
D. A false, R true

Answer: A
Explanation: Seasonal changes affect morphology.

30. Organism with two different alleles is

A. Homozygous
B. Homologous
C. Heterozygous
D. Heterologous

Answer: C
Explanation: Two different alleles = heterozygous.

Mendelian genetics gene concept mcqs class 12 biology with answers for NEET CUET

Conclusion on Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET

In conclusion, Mendelian Genetics Gene Concept MCQs Class 12 Biology with Answers for NEET, CUET provide a structured approach to mastering genetics. They enhance conceptual clarity and improve analytical skills.

Ultimately, by regularly practicing these MCQS, aspirants can strengthen their fundamentals, improve speed, and achieve excellent results in competitive exams.